TOPIC: Technical Readings

The Sinking of the MS Estonia: When a Bow Visor Failed in the Open Baltic

On the stormy night of September 28, 1994, the 15,000-ton cruise ferry MS Estonia sank in the Baltic Sea in less than an hour, taking 852 lives. The forensic investigation revealed a fatal design paradox in roll-on/roll-off ships: an undivided vehicle deck that transforms small leaks into catastrophic capsizes.